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What is Automation testing?
Automation testing is the process of using specialized software tools to perform repetitive and repetitive tasks. The main goal of automation testing is to reduce the need for manual testing and increase the speed and efficiency of the testing process.
Advantages of Automation Testing:
- Reduces the need for manual testing
- Increases the speed and efficiency of the testing process
- Provides more accurate and consistent results
- Enables more thorough testing of the application
- Makes it easier to find and fix bugs
Types of Automation Testing:
- Unit Testing: Unit testing is a method of testing individual units of code, such as functions and methods, to ensure that they function correctly. In automation testing, unit tests can be automated using tools such as JUnit, TestNG, or NUnit.
- Integration Testing: Integration testing is a method of testing how different units of code work together. In automation testing, integration tests can be automated using tools such as Selenium, Appium, or TestComplete.
- Functional Testing: Functional testing is a method of testing an application to ensure that it meets its requirements. In automation testing, functional tests can be automated using tools such as Selenium, Appium, or TestComplete.
- Acceptance Testing: Acceptance testing is a method of testing an application to ensure that it meets the customer's requirements. In automation testing, acceptance tests can be automated using tools such as Selenium, Appium, or TestComplete.
- Performance Testing: Performance testing is a method of testing an application to ensure that it performs well under a variety of conditions. In automation testing, performance tests can be automated using tools such as Apache JMeter, LoadRunner, or Gatling.
Automation Testing Workflow
- Planning: Planning the test cases and preparing the test environment
- Designing: Designing and developing the test scripts
- Execution: Executing the test scripts
- Reporting: Analyzing the test results and reporting on the test results
When to Use Automation Testing
Automation testing is a powerful tool that can help increase the speed, efficiency, and reliability of the testing process. However, it's important to know when to use automation testing and when manual testing is more appropriate.
Repeated Tasks: Automation testing is ideal for tasks that need to be repeated frequently or on a regular basis. For example, running regression tests after a new build is released can be time-consuming and tedious when done manually. Automating these tests can save a significant amount of time and reduce the chance of human error.
Complex and Large Test Suites: Automation testing is also useful for test suites that are large and complex. Automating tests can help reduce the time and effort required to test an application. Additionally, automation can help with the maintenance of tests, since it becomes easier to update and modify the tests.
Performance and Load Testing: Automation testing is also useful for performance and load testing. Automated tests can generate large amounts of data and simulate a high number of concurrent users, which is difficult and time-consuming to do manually.
Regression Testing: Automation testing is ideal for regression testing, which is testing that a previously working feature or functionality still works as expected after a code change. Automated regression tests can be easily re-run after each code change, providing a fast and accurate way to verify that everything still works correctly.
Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) Automation testing is a key component of the CI/CD pipeline and is used to ensure that the newly integrated code is working as expected before it is pushed to production.
Main differences between Manual testing and Automation testing:
- Speed: Manual testing is slower than automation testing as it requires manual execution of test cases while automation can perform the same tests in a fraction of the time.
- Effort: Automation testing requires a lower effort than manual testing as automation tools can perform repetitive and time-consuming tasks.
- Repeatability: Automation testing allows for more repeatability than manual testing as the same test cases can be run multiple times with the same results.
- Reliability: Automation testing is more reliable than manual testing as it reduces the chance of human error.
- Cost: Automation testing is more expensive than manual testing as it requires the use of specialized software tools.
- Coverage: Automation testing allows for more comprehensive coverage than manual testing as it can test the entire application and all its functionality.
- Scalability: Automation testing is more scalable than manual testing as it can handle a large number of test cases and test data.
What are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Automation Testing?
Advantages of Automation Testing:
- Speed: Automation testing can significantly speed up the testing process, reducing the time needed to test an application.
- Efficiency: Automation testing allows for more efficient testing by reducing the need for manual testing and reducing human error.
- Repeatability: Automation testing allows for more repeatability as the same test cases can be run multiple times with the same results.
- Reliability: Automation testing is more reliable as it reduces the chance of human error and can find bugs more consistently.
- Comprehensive coverage: Automation testing allows for more comprehensive testing of an application as it can test the entire application and all its functionality.
- Scalability: Automation testing is more scalable as it can handle a large number of test cases and test data.
Disadvantages of Automation Testing:
- Cost: Automation testing requires specialized software tools and these tools can be expensive.
- Maintenance: Automation testing requires ongoing maintenance as the application and its testing requirements change over time.
- Initial Setup: Setting up an automation test environment can be time-consuming and require significant resources.
- Testing Complex Applications: Automation testing may not be suitable for testing complex applications, particularly those with a high degree of UI interactivity.
- Limited scope of testing: Automation testing may not cover all types of testing such as usability testing, exploratory testing, and acceptance testing.
- False positives and negatives: Automation testing can produce false positives or negatives as the tools
Mostly used Automation Testing Tools:
- Selenium: Selenium is a widely used open-source automation testing tool for automating web applications. It supports multiple programming languages including Java, C#, Python, and Ruby.
- Appium: Appium is an open-source automation testing tool for automating mobile applications, it supports Android and iOS platforms, it supports multiple programming languages as well.
- TestComplete: TestComplete is a commercial tool for automating desktop, web, and mobile applications. It supports multiple programming languages including Python, JavaScript, and C#.
- TestNG: TestNG is a testing framework that is designed for testing automation of both unit and integration testing. It's designed to cover all categories of tests: unit, functional, end-to-end, integration, etc.
- JUnit: JUnit is a simple framework to write repeatable tests. It is a part of the xUnit family of testing frameworks, Junit is widely used to test Java applications.
- Cucumber: Cucumber is a tool for behavior-driven development (BDD). It supports multiple programming languages including Java, Ruby, and JavaScript.
- Robot Framework: This is an open-source automation framework, it provides a simple and easy-to-use framework for automated acceptance testing and acceptance test-driven development (ATDD).
- UFT (Unified Functional Testing): A commercial tool for automating desktop, web, and mobile applications developed by MicroFocus
- Katalon Studio: This is a free and powerful automation testing tool for web and mobile applications, supports multiple programming languages and easy integration with many other tools.
- Gatling: An open-source tool for load testing and performance testing, it's mostly used for performance testing, and it's easy to use for developers and testers.
- JMeter: An open-source performance testing tool for web applications and services. It is used to test the performance and scalability of an application by simulating a large number of concurrent users sending requests to the application.
Different Types of Automation Testing Frameworks:
There are several types of automation testing frameworks available, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Some of the most common types of automation testing frameworks include:
- Linear Scripting Framework: This is the most basic type of Automation testing framework, where test cases are executed one after another in a linear fashion. This framework is easy to understand and implement, but it does not provide much structure or reusable code.
- Modular Testing Framework: This type of Automation testing framework organizes test cases into modules, making them more reusable and easier to maintain. Each module can be tested independently, and changes made to one module do not affect the others.
- Data-Driven Framework: This type of Automation testing framework separates the test data from the test script. This allows the test script to be reusable for different sets of data. Data-driven frameworks can be used for automating functional and non-functional tests.
- Keyword-Driven Framework: This type of Automation testing framework uses keywords to represent actions, making test scripts more readable and easy to understand. It also separates the test script from the test data, making them more reusable and maintainable.
- Hybrid Framework: This testing framework combines elements of more than one framework. It can be a combination of data-driven and keyword-driven or linear and modular frameworks. The hybrid framework aims to leverage the strengths of each framework and minimize its weaknesses.
- Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) Framework: BDD frameworks allow developers and business stakeholders to express their requirements and tests in a natural language that is close to how stakeholders might describe the system. Cucumber is a popular tool for BDD frameworks, it supports multiple programming languages including Java, Ruby, and JavaScript.
Conclusion
Automation testing is a powerful technique that can help improve the quality of your software and reduce the need for manual testing. By understanding the basics of automation testing, you can start to develop your own automation testing strategies and improve your testing processes.
Learn Web Automation using Selenium WebDriver Tutorial:
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Learn Mobile Automation using Appium Mobile Automation Tutorial:
Read Here -Â Appium Tutorial
Automation Testing Interview Questions
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